在.NET可以通过多种方式实现zip的压缩和解压：1、使用System.IO.Packaging；2、使用第三方类库；3、通过 System.IO.Compression 命名空间中新增的ZipArchive、ZipFile等类实现。
一、使用System.IO.Packaging压缩和解压
Package为一个抽象类，可用于将对象组织到定义的物理格式的单个实体中，从而实现可移植性与高效访问。ZIP 文件是Package的主物理格式。 其他Package实现可以使用其他物理格式（如 XML 文档、数据库或 Web 服务。与文件系统类似，在分层组织的文件夹和文件中引用 Package 中包含的项。虽然 Package 是抽象类，但 Package.Open 方法默认使用 ZipPackage 派生类。
System.IO.Packaging在WindowsBase.dll程序集下，使用时需要添加对WindowsBase的引用。
1、将整个文件夹压缩成zip
/// <summary> /// Add a folder along with its subfolders to a Package /// </summary> /// <param name="folderName">The folder to add</param> /// <param name="compressedFileName">The package to create</param> /// <param name="overrideExisting">Override exsisitng files</param> /// <returns></returns> static bool PackageFolder(string folderName, string compressedFileName, bool overrideExisting) { if (folderName.EndsWith(@"")) folderName = folderName.Remove(folderName.Length - 1); bool result = false; if (!Directory.Exists(folderName)) { return result; } if (!overrideExisting && File.Exists(compressedFileName)) { return result; } try { using (Package package = Package.Open(compressedFileName, FileMode.Create)) { var fileList = Directory.EnumerateFiles(folderName, "*", SearchOption.AllDirectories); foreach (string fileName in fileList) { //The path in the package is all of the subfolders after folderName string pathInPackage; pathInPackage = Path.GetDirectoryName(fileName).Replace(folderName, string.Empty) + "/" + Path.GetFileName(fileName); Uri partUriDocument = PackUriHelper.CreatePartUri(new Uri(pathInPackage, UriKind.Relative)); PackagePart packagePartDocument = package.CreatePart(partUriDocument,"", CompressionOption.Maximum); using (FileStream fileStream = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read)) { fileStream.CopyTo(packagePartDocument.GetStream()); } } } result = true; } catch (Exception e) { throw new Exception("Error zipping folder " + folderName, e); } return result; }
2、将单个文件添加到zip文件中
/// <summary> /// Compress a file into a ZIP archive as the container store /// </summary> /// <param name="fileName">The file to compress</param> /// <param name="compressedFileName">The archive file</param> /// <param name="overrideExisting">override existing file</param> /// <returns></returns> static bool PackageFile(string fileName, string compressedFileName, bool overrideExisting) { bool result = false; if (!File.Exists(fileName)) { return result; } if (!overrideExisting && File.Exists(compressedFileName)) { return result; } try { Uri partUriDocument = PackUriHelper.CreatePartUri(new Uri(Path.GetFileName(fileName), UriKind.Relative)); using (Package package = Package.Open(compressedFileName, FileMode.OpenOrCreate)) { if (package.PartExists(partUriDocument)) { package.DeletePart(partUriDocument); } PackagePart packagePartDocument = package.CreatePart(partUriDocument, "", CompressionOption.Maximum); using (FileStream fileStream = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read)) { fileStream.CopyTo(packagePartDocument.GetStream()); } } result = true; } catch (Exception e) { throw new Exception("Error zipping file " + fileName, e); } return result; }
3、zip文件解压
/// <summary> /// Extract a container Zip. NOTE: container must be created as Open Packaging Conventions (OPC) specification /// </summary> /// <param name="folderName">The folder to extract the package to</param> /// <param name="compressedFileName">The package file</param> /// <param name="overrideExisting">override existing files</param> /// <returns></returns> static bool UncompressFile(string folderName, string compressedFileName, bool overrideExisting) { bool result = false; try { if (!File.Exists(compressedFileName)) { return result; } DirectoryInfo directoryInfo = new DirectoryInfo(folderName); if (!directoryInfo.Exists) directoryInfo.Create(); using (Package package = Package.Open(compressedFileName, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read)) { foreach (PackagePart packagePart in package.GetParts()) { ExtractPart(packagePart, folderName, overrideExisting); } } result = true; } catch (Exception e) { throw new Exception("Error unzipping file " + compressedFileName, e); } return result; } static void ExtractPart(PackagePart packagePart, string targetDirectory, bool overrideExisting) { string stringPart = targetDirectory + HttpUtility.UrlDecode(packagePart.Uri.ToString()).Replace('', '/'); if (!Directory.Exists(Path.GetDirectoryName(stringPart))) Directory.CreateDirectory(Path.GetDirectoryName(stringPart)); if (!overrideExisting && File.Exists(stringPart)) return; using (FileStream fileStream = new FileStream(stringPart, FileMode.Create)) { packagePart.GetStream().CopyTo(fileStream); } }
使用Package压缩文件会在zip文件自动生成[Content_Type].xml，用来描述zip文件解压支持的文件格式。
<"1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?> <Types xmlns="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/package/2006/content-types"> <Default Extension="vsixmanifest" ContentType="text/xml" /> <Default Extension="dll" ContentType="application/octet-stream" /> <Default Extension="png" ContentType="application/octet-stream" /> <Default Extension="txt" ContentType="text/plain" /> <Default Extension="pkgdef" ContentType="text/plain" /> </Types>
同样，如果zip文件不包含[Content_Type].xml文件，或者[Content_Type].xml文件不包含所对应扩展名的描述（手动添加的[Content_Type].xml也是可以），将无法解压文件。
二、使用第三方类库
zip的压缩和解压使用比较的有SharpZipLib和DotNetZip。
1、SharpZipLib，也称为“#ziplib”，基于GPL开源，支持Zip，GZip，Tar和BZip2的压缩和解压缩。
支持.NET 1.1,NET 2.0（3.5、4.0）.
（1）zip压缩
public static void Zip(string SrcFile, string DstFile, int BufferSize) { FileStream fileStreamIn = new FileStream (SrcFile, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read); FileStream fileStreamOut = new FileStream (DstFile, FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write); ZipOutputStream zipOutStream = new ZipOutputStream(fileStreamOut); byte[] buffer = new byte<buffersize />; ZipEntry entry = new ZipEntry(Path.GetFileName(SrcFile)); zipOutStream.PutNextEntry(entry); int size; do { size = fileStreamIn.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length); zipOutStream.Write(buffer, 0, size); } while (size > 0); zipOutStream.Close(); fileStreamOut.Close(); fileStreamIn.Close(); }
（2）解压zip
public static void UnZip(string SrcFile, string DstFile, int BufferSize) { FileStream fileStreamIn = new FileStream (SrcFile, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read); ZipInputStream zipInStream = new ZipInputStream(fileStreamIn); ZipEntry entry = zipInStream.GetNextEntry(); FileStream fileStreamOut = new FileStream (DstFile + @"" + entry.Name, FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write); int size; byte[] buffer = new byte<buffersize />; do { size = zipInStream.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length); fileStreamOut.Write(buffer, 0, size); } while (size > 0); zipInStream.Close(); fileStreamOut.Close(); fileStreamIn.Close(); }
2、DotNetLib，是基于”WS-PL”开源，使用比较简单
(1)压缩
using (ZipFile zip = new ZipFile()) { zip.AddFile("ReadMe.txt"); zip.AddFile("7440-N49th.png"); zip.AddFile("2008_Annual_Report.pdf"); zip.Save("Archive.zip"); }
（2）解压
private void MyExtract() { string zipToUnpack = "C1P3SML.zip"; string unpackDirectory = "Extracted Files"; using (ZipFile zip1 = ZipFile.Read(zipToUnpack)) { // here, we extract every entry, but we could extract conditionally // based on entry name, size, date, checkbox status, etc. foreach (ZipEntry e in zip1) { e.Extract(unpackDirectory, ExtractExistingFileAction.OverwriteSilently); } } }
三、在.NET 4.5使用ZipArchive、ZipFile等类压缩和解压
static void Main(string[] args) { string ZipPath = @"c:usersexampleuserstart.zip"; string ExtractPath = @"c:usersexampleuserextract"; string NewFile = @"c:usersexampleuserNewFile.txt"; using (ZipArchive Archive = ZipFile.Open(ZipPath, ZipArchiveMode.Update)) { Archive.CreateEntryFromFile(NewFile, "NewEntry.txt"); Archive.ExtractToDirectory(ExtractPath); } }
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