本文实例讲述了python实现ping的方法。分享给大家供大家参考。具体如下：
#!/usr/bin/env python #coding:utf-8 import os, sys, socket, struct, select, time # From /usr/include/linux/icmp.h; your milage may vary. ICMP_ECHO_REQUEST = 8 # Seems to be the same on Solaris. def checksum(source_string): """ I'm not too confident that this is right but testing seems to suggest that it gives the same answers as in_cksum in ping.c """ sum = 0 countTo = (len(source_string)/2)*2 count = 0 while count<countTo: thisVal = ord(source_string[count + 1])*256 + ord(source_string[count]) sum = sum + thisVal sum = sum & 0xffffffff # Necessary? count = count + 2 if countTo<len(source_string): sum = sum + ord(source_string[len(source_string) - 1]) sum = sum & 0xffffffff # Necessary? sum = (sum >> 16) + (sum & 0xffff) sum = sum + (sum >> 16) answer = ~sum answer = answer & 0xffff # Swap bytes. Bugger me if I know why. answer = answer >> 8 | (answer << 8 & 0xff00) return answer def receive_one_ping(my_socket, ID, timeout): """ receive the ping from the socket. """ timeLeft = timeout while True: startedSelect = time.time() whatReady = select.select([my_socket], [], [], timeLeft) howLongInSelect = (time.time() - startedSelect) if whatReady[0] == []: # Timeout return timeReceived = time.time() recPacket, addr = my_socket.recvfrom(1024) icmpHeader = recPacket[20:28] type, code, checksum, packetID, sequence = struct.unpack( "bbHHh", icmpHeader ) if packetID == ID: bytesInDouble = struct.calcsize("d") timeSent = struct.unpack("d", recPacket[28:28 + bytesInDouble])[0] return timeReceived - timeSent timeLeft = timeLeft - howLongInSelect if timeLeft <= 0: return def send_one_ping(my_socket, dest_addr, ID): """ Send one ping to the given >dest_addr<. """ dest_addr = socket.gethostbyname(dest_addr) # Header is type (8), code (8), checksum (16), id (16), sequence (16) my_checksum = 0 # Make a dummy heder with a 0 checksum. header = struct.pack("bbHHh", ICMP_ECHO_REQUEST, 0, my_checksum, ID, 1) #压包 #a1 = struct.unpack("bbHHh",header) #my test bytesInDouble = struct.calcsize("d") data = (192 - bytesInDouble) * "Q" data = struct.pack("d", time.time()) + data # Calculate the checksum on the data and the dummy header. my_checksum = checksum(header + data) # Now that we have the right checksum, we put that in. It's just easier # to make up a new header than to stuff it into the dummy. header = struct.pack("bbHHh", ICMP_ECHO_REQUEST, 0, socket.htons(my_checksum), ID, 1) packet = header + data my_socket.sendto(packet, (dest_addr, 1)) # Don't know about the 1 def do_one(dest_addr, timeout): """ Returns either the delay (in seconds) or none on timeout. """ icmp = socket.getprotobyname("icmp") try: my_socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_RAW, icmp) except socket.error, (errno, msg): if errno == 1: # Operation not permitted msg = msg + ( " - Note that ICMP messages can only be sent from processes" " running as root." ) raise socket.error(msg) raise # raise the original error my_ID = os.getpid() & 0xFFFF send_one_ping(my_socket, dest_addr, my_ID) delay = receive_one_ping(my_socket, my_ID, timeout) my_socket.close() return delay def verbose_ping(dest_addr, timeout = 2, count = 100): """ Send >count< ping to >dest_addr< with the given >timeout< and display the result. """ for i in xrange(count): print "ping %s..." % dest_addr, try: delay = do_one(dest_addr, timeout) except socket.gaierror, e: print "failed. (socket error: '%s')" % e[1] break if delay == None: print "failed. (timeout within %ssec.)" % timeout else: delay = delay * 1000 print "get ping in %0.4fms" % delay if __name__ == '__main__': verbose_ping("www.163.com",2,1)
希望本文所述对大家的Python程序设计有所帮助。
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