在实际开发中，需要用到的数据在url中，因此就需要我们来获取到url中有用的信息，涉及到查询、添加、修改、删除等操作，下面我们就具体来了解一下。
1.简单实例
目前常用Url操作，查询、添加、修改、删除链接参数，重构生成链接等功能。
//string url = "http://www.gongjuji.net:8081"; //string url = "http://www.gongjuji.net/"; //string url = "http://www.gongjuji.net/abc"; // string url = "http://www.gongjuji.net/abc/1234.html"; string url = "http://www.gongjuji.net/abc/1234.html?name=张三&age=1234#one#two"; //string url = "http://www.gongjuji.net/abc/1234.html?name=&age=#one#two"; //string url = "/abc/123.html?name=张三&age=1234#one#two"; // string url = "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/debug/cgi-bin/apiinfo?t=index&type=%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86&form=%E8%8E%B7%E5%8F%96%E5%85%B3%E6%B3%A8%E8%80%85%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8%E6%8E%A5%E5%8F%A3%20/user/get"; UrlAnalyze _url = new UrlAnalyze(url); JObject obj = JObject.FromObject(_url); Console.WriteLine(obj); //添加或修改参数 _url.AddOrUpdateSearch("page", "2"); _url.AddOrUpdateSearch("name", "李四"); //重新生成链接参数 Console.WriteLine(_url.GetUrl()); Console.WriteLine(_url.GetUrl(true));
2、实例：
识别字符串中的url
//string source = "工具集：http://www.gongjuji.net"; string source = @"工具集： http://www.gongjuji.net 爱汉字：http://hanzi.tianma3798.cn"; List<string> result = UrlAnalyze.GetUrlList(source); foreach (var item in result) { Console.WriteLine(item); } //替换成a标签 string result2 = UrlAnalyze.ReplaceToA(source); Console.WriteLine(result2);</string>
属性和部分功能模仿了Node.js的url模块
源代码定义：
/// <summary> /// Url地址的格式化和反格式化 /// </summary> public class UrlAnalyze { /// <summary> /// 协议名称 /// </summary> public string Protocol { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 是否以反斜杠结尾 /// </summary> public bool Slashes { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 验证信息，暂时不使用 /// </summary> public string Auth { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 全小写主机部分，包括端口 /// </summary> public string Host { get { if (this.Port == null) return this.HostName; return string.Format("{0}:{1}", this.HostName, this.Port); } } /// <summary> /// 端口，为空时http默认是80 /// </summary> public int? Port { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 小写主机部分 /// </summary> public string HostName { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 页面锚点参数部分 #one#two /// </summary> public string Hash { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 链接查询参数部分(带问号) ?one=1&two=2 /// </summary> public string Search { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 路径部分 /// </summary> public string PathName { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 路径+参数部分(没有锚点) /// </summary> public string Path { get { if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(this.Search)) return this.PathName; return PathName + Search; } } /// <summary> /// 转码后的原链接 /// </summary> public string Href { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 参数的key=value 列表 /// </summary> private Dictionary<string, string=""> _SearchList = null; #region 初始化处理 /// <summary> /// 空初始化 /// </summary> public UrlAnalyze() { _SearchList = new Dictionary<string, string="">(); } /// <summary> /// 初始化处理 /// </summary> ///<param name="url">指定相对或绝对链接 public UrlAnalyze(string url) { //1.转码操作 this.Href = HttpUtility.UrlDecode(url); InitParse(this.Href); //是否反斜杠结尾 if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(PathName)) this.Slashes = this.PathName.EndsWith("/"); //初始化参数列表 _SearchList = GetSearchList(); } /// <summary> /// 将字符串格式化成对象时初始化处理 /// </summary> private void InitParse(string url) { //判断是否是指定协议的绝对路径 if (url.Contains("://")) { // Regex reg = new Regex(@"(w+)://([^/:]+)(:d*)"); Regex reg = new Regex(@"(w+)://([^/:]+)(:d*)"); Match match = reg.Match(url); //协议名称 this.Protocol = match.Result("$1"); //主机 this.HostName = match.Result("$2"); //端口 string port = match.Result("$3"); if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(port) == false) { port = port.Replace(":", ""); this.Port = Convert.ToInt32(port); } //路径和查询参数 string path = match.Result("$4"); if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(path) == false) InitPath(path); } else { InitPath(url); } } /// <summary> /// 字符串url格式化时，路径和参数的初始化处理 /// </summary> ///<param name="path"> private void InitPath(string path) { Regex reg = new Regex(@"([^#?& ]*)(??[^#]*)(#"); Match match = reg.Match(path); //路径和查询参数 this.PathName = match.Result("$1"); this.Search = match.Result("$2"); this.Hash = match.Result("$3"); } #endregion #region 参数处理 /// <summary> /// 获取当前参数解析结果字典列表 /// </summary> /// <returns></returns> public Dictionary<string, string=""> GetSearchList() { if (_SearchList != null) return _SearchList; _SearchList = new Dictionary<string, string="">(); if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(Search)) { Regex reg = new Regex(@"(^|&)", RegexOptions.Compiled); MatchCollection coll = reg.Matches(Search); foreach (Match item in coll) { string key = item.Result("$2").ToLower(); string value = item.Result("$3"); _SearchList.Add(key, value); } } return _SearchList; } /// <summary> /// 获取查询参数的值 /// </summary> ///<param name="key">键 /// <returns></returns> public string GetSearchValue(string key) { return _SearchList[key]; } /// <summary> /// 添加参数key=value,如果值已经存在则修改 /// </summary> ///<param name="key">键 ///<param name="value">值 /// <returns></returns> public void AddOrUpdateSearch(string key, string value, bool Encode = false) { if (Encode) value = HttpUtility.UrlEncode(value); //判断指定键值是否存在 if (_SearchList.ContainsKey(key)) { _SearchList[key] = value; } else { _SearchList.Add(key, value); } } /// <summary> /// 删除指定key 的键值对 /// </summary> ///<param name="key">键 public void Remove(string key) { if (_SearchList.Any(q => q.Key == key)) _SearchList.Remove(key); } /// <summary> /// 获取锚点列表 /// </summary> /// <returns></returns> public List<string> GetHashList() { List<string> list = new List<string>(); if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(Hash)) { list = Hash.Split('#').Where(q => string.IsNullOrEmpty(q) == false) .ToList(); } return list; } #endregion /// <summary> /// 获取最终url地址, /// 对参数值就行UrlEncode 编码后，有可能和原链接不相同 /// </summary> /// <returns></returns> public string GetUrl(bool EncodeValue = false) { StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder(); if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(Protocol)) { //如果有协议 builder.Append(Protocol).Append("://"); } //如果有主机标识 builder.Append(Host); //如果有目录和参数 if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(PathName)) { string pathname = PathName; if (pathname.EndsWith("/")) pathname = pathname.Substring(0, pathname.Length - 1); builder.Append(pathname); } //判断是否反斜杠 if (Slashes) { builder.Append("/"); } Dictionary<string, string=""> searchList = GetSearchList(); if (searchList != null && searchList.Count > 0) { builder.Append(""); bool isFirst = true; foreach (var item in searchList) { if (isFirst == false) { builder.Append("&"); } isFirst = false; builder.AppendFormat("{0}={1}", item.Key, EncodeValue ? HttpUtility.UrlEncode(item.Value) : item.Value); } } //锚点 builder.Append(Hash); return builder.ToString(); } #region 静态方法 /// <summary> /// 获取源字符串中所有的链接（可能有重复） /// </summary> ///<param name="content">源字符串 /// <returns></returns> public static List<string> GetUrlList(string content) { List<string> list = new List<string>(); Regex re = new Regex(@"(?<url>http(s)?://([w-]+.)+[w-]+(/[w- ./"); MatchCollection mc = re.Matches(content); foreach (Match m in mc) { if (m.Success) { string url = m.Result("${url}"); list.Add(url); } } return list; } /// <summary> /// 将字符串中的链接成标签 /// </summary> ///<param name="content"> /// <returns></returns> public static string ReplaceToA(string content) { Regex re = new Regex(@"(?<url>http(s)?://([w-]+.)+[w-]+(/[w- ./"); MatchCollection mc = re.Matches(content); foreach (Match m in mc) { content = content.Replace(m.Result("${url}"), String.Format("</url>{0}", m.Result("${url}"))); } return content; } #endregion }</url></string></string></string></string,></string></string></string></string,></string,></string,></string,>
所属源代码库：https://github.com/tianma3798/Common
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