在winform下实现左右布局多窗口界面的方法之续篇

摘要：在上篇文章在winform下实现左右布局多窗口界面的方法已经实现了左右布局多窗口界面，今天本来是研究基于winform的插件编程，没想到顺便...

在上篇文章在winform下实现左右布局多窗口界面的方法已经实现了左右布局多窗口界面，今天本来是研究基于winform的插件编程，没想到顺便又找到了另一种实现方案，这种实现方案更简单，要写的代码也很少，具体实现如下。

可视化设计部份：

1.父窗口：ParentForm的IsMdiContainer 设置为 true，即：this.IsMdiContainer=true;

2.在父窗口中添加一个顶部菜单：menuStrip1，并新增一个菜单项：Windows，且将menuStrip1的MdiWindowListItem设置为该Windows菜单对象，即： this.menuStrip1.MdiWindowListItem = this.windowsToolStripMenuItem;

3.在父窗口中添加一个树形菜单：treeView1，并将其Dock设为左靠齐，即：this.treeView1.Dock = System.Windows.Forms.DockStyle.Left;且将margin设为0；

4.在父窗口中添加一个Panel:panel1,且将其width设为3；

以下是设计后自动生成的代码：

namespace WinFormTest { partial class ParentForm { /// <summary> /// 必需的设计器变量。 /// </summary> private System.ComponentModel.IContainer components = null; /// <summary> /// 清理所有正在使用的资源。 /// </summary> /// <param name="disposing">如果应释放托管资源，为 true；否则为 false。</param> protected override void Dispose(bool disposing) { if (disposing && (components != null)) { components.Dispose(); } base.Dispose(disposing); } #region Windows 窗体设计器生成的代码 /// <summary> /// 设计器支持所需的方法 - 不要 /// 使用代码编辑器修改此方法的内容。 /// </summary> private void InitializeComponent() { this.menuStrip1 = new System.Windows.Forms.MenuStrip(); this.windowsToolStripMenuItem = new System.Windows.Forms.ToolStripMenuItem(); this.treeView1 = new System.Windows.Forms.TreeView(); this.panel1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Panel(); this.menuStrip1.SuspendLayout(); this.SuspendLayout(); // // menuStrip1 // this.menuStrip1.Items.AddRange(new System.Windows.Forms.ToolStripItem[] { this.windowsToolStripMenuItem}); this.menuStrip1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(0, 0); this.menuStrip1.MdiWindowListItem = this.windowsToolStripMenuItem; this.menuStrip1.Name = "menuStrip1"; this.menuStrip1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(684, 25); this.menuStrip1.TabIndex = 0; this.menuStrip1.Text = "menuStrip1"; // // windowsToolStripMenuItem // this.windowsToolStripMenuItem.Name = "windowsToolStripMenuItem"; this.windowsToolStripMenuItem.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(73, 21); this.windowsToolStripMenuItem.Text = "Windows"; // // treeView1 // this.treeView1.Dock = System.Windows.Forms.DockStyle.Left; this.treeView1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(0, 25); this.treeView1.Margin = new System.Windows.Forms.Padding(0); this.treeView1.Name = "treeView1"; this.treeView1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(228, 380); this.treeView1.TabIndex = 3; this.treeView1.NodeMouseDoubleClick += new System.Windows.Forms.TreeNodeMouseClickEventHandler(this.treeView1_NodeMouseDoubleClick); // // panel1 // this.panel1.Anchor = ((System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles)(((System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles.Top | System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles.Bottom) | System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles.Left))); this.panel1.BackColor = System.Drawing.Color.Red; this.panel1.BorderStyle = System.Windows.Forms.BorderStyle.FixedSingle; this.panel1.Cursor = System.Windows.Forms.Cursors.VSplit; this.panel1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(230, 28); this.panel1.Margin = new System.Windows.Forms.Padding(0); this.panel1.Name = "panel1"; this.panel1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(3, 100); this.panel1.TabIndex = 5; // // Form1 // this.AutoScaleDimensions = new System.Drawing.SizeF(6F, 12F); this.AutoScaleMode = System.Windows.Forms.AutoScaleMode.Font; this.ClientSize = new System.Drawing.Size(684, 405); this.Controls.Add(this.panel1); this.Controls.Add(this.treeView1); this.Controls.Add(this.menuStrip1); this.IsMdiContainer = true; this.MainMenuStrip = this.menuStrip1; this.Name = "Form1"; this.Text = "Form1"; this.Load += new System.EventHandler(this.Form1_Load); this.Resize += new System.EventHandler(this.Form1_Resize); this.menuStrip1.ResumeLayout(false); this.menuStrip1.PerformLayout(); this.ResumeLayout(false); this.PerformLayout(); } #endregion private System.Windows.Forms.MenuStrip menuStrip1; private System.Windows.Forms.ToolStripMenuItem windowsToolStripMenuItem; private System.Windows.Forms.TreeView treeView1; private System.Windows.Forms.Panel panel1; } }

编码部份：

其实上面的设计后，如果通过以下定义的方法打开一个子窗口，则直接实现了左右布局且包含多子窗口的界面。

private void ShowChildForm<TForm>() where TForm : Form, new() { Form childForm = new TForm(); childForm.MdiParent = this; childForm.Name = "ChildForm - " + DateTime.Now.Millisecond.ToString(); childForm.Text = childForm.Name; childForm.Show(); }

当然仍然有不完美的地方，那就是左边菜单栏宽度不能动态调整，而又没有用到splitContainer，故我们只有自己来实现，其实也很简单，步骤如下：

1.在父窗口构造函数中加入初始化panel1（用作分割器）位置及订阅相关事件，代码如下：

public ParentForm() { InitializeComponent(); panel1.MouseDown += panel1_MouseDown; panel1.MouseUp += panel1_MouseUp; panel1.MouseMove += panel1_MouseMove; panel1.Top = menuStrip1.Height; panel1.Left = treeView1.Left + treeView1.Width; panel1.Height = panel1.Parent.Height; }

上述代码的作用是：1.保证panel1的高度与位置与左侧树形菜单控件相匹配；2.订阅的三个Mouse事件主要是为了后面实现移动panel1。

2.实现订阅的三个Mouse事件所对应的方法，分别为鼠标按下、鼠标移动、鼠标松开，代码如下：

private bool startMove = false; //用于标记是否在移动中 void panel1_MouseMove(object sender, MouseEventArgs e) { if (startMove) { panel1.Left += e.X; } } void panel1_MouseUp(object sender, MouseEventArgs e) { if (startMove) { panel1.Left += e.X; startMove = false; this.treeView1.Width = panel1.Left; } } void panel1_MouseDown(object sender, MouseEventArgs e) { startMove = true; }

上述代码作用：按下鼠标标记为开始移动，然后移动鼠标，若是标记移动中，说明是要移动panel1，故直接将鼠标当前的X坐标位置累加到panel1.Left属性上，从而实现移动，当鼠标弹起后，则将树形菜单的宽度设置为panel1.Left，从而实现树形菜单随panel1的移动而改变大小。

同时为了保证panel1的高度始终与树形菜单相同，在父窗口的Resize方法加入动态调整panel1的高度，代码如下：

private void ParentForm_Resize(object sender, EventArgs e) { panel1.Height = panel1.Parent.Height; }

到此就完成了整个的实现方案，为了便于模拟在树形菜单中双击打开子窗口的效果，同时也添加了如下代码：

private void ParentForm_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { LoadMenuNodes(); } private void LoadMenuNodes() //实现情况应该是从数据库及用户权限来进行动态创建菜单项 { this.treeView1.Nodes.Clear(); var root = this.treeView1.Nodes.Add("Root"); for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i++) { var section = root.Nodes.Add("Section-" + i); int maxNodes = new Random(i).Next(1, 10); for (int n = 1; n <= maxNodes; n++) { section.Nodes.Add(string.Format("Level-{0}-{1}", i, n)); } } } private void treeView1_NodeMouseDoubleClick(object sender, TreeNodeMouseClickEventArgs e) { if (e.Node.Nodes.Count <= 0)//当非父节点（即：实际的功能节点） { ShowChildForm<ChildForm>(); } }

附上完整的实现代码：

using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.ComponentModel; using System.Data; using System.Drawing; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Threading.Tasks; using System.Windows.Forms; namespace WinFormTest { public partial class ParentForm : Form { private bool startMove = false; public ParentForm() { InitializeComponent(); panel1.MouseDown += panel1_MouseDown; panel1.MouseUp += panel1_MouseUp; panel1.MouseMove += panel1_MouseMove; panel1.Top = menuStrip1.Height; panel1.Left = treeView1.Left + treeView1.Width; panel1.Height = panel1.Parent.Height; } void panel1_MouseMove(object sender, MouseEventArgs e) { if (startMove) { panel1.Left += e.X; } } void panel1_MouseUp(object sender, MouseEventArgs e) { if (startMove) { panel1.Left += e.X; startMove = false; this.treeView1.Width = panel1.Left; } } void panel1_MouseDown(object sender, MouseEventArgs e) { startMove = true; } private void ParentForm_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { LoadMenuNodes(); } private void treeView1_NodeMouseDoubleClick(object sender, TreeNodeMouseClickEventArgs e) { if (e.Node.Nodes.Count <= 0)//当非父节点（即：实际的功能节点） { ShowChildForm<ChildForm>(); } } private void ParentForm_Resize(object sender, EventArgs e) { panel1.Height = panel1.Parent.Height; } private void LoadMenuNodes() //实现情况应该是从数据库及用户权限来进行动态创建菜单项 { this.treeView1.Nodes.Clear(); var root = this.treeView1.Nodes.Add("Root"); for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i++) { var section = root.Nodes.Add("Section-" + i); int maxNodes = new Random(i).Next(1, 10); for (int n = 1; n <= maxNodes; n++) { section.Nodes.Add(string.Format("Level-{0}-{1}", i, n)); } } } private void ShowChildForm<TForm>() where TForm : Form, new() { Form childForm = new TForm(); childForm.MdiParent = this; childForm.Name = "ChildForm - " + DateTime.Now.Millisecond.ToString(); childForm.Text = childForm.Name; childForm.Show(); } } }

最终效果如下图示：

在winform下实现左右布局多窗口界面的方法之续篇1