本文以实例详细描述了C#定义并实现单链表的过程及原理。一般来说C#定义并实现单链表，代码包括构成链表的结点定义、用变量来实现表头、清空整个链表 、链表复位，使第一个结点成为当前结点、判断链表是否为空、判断当前结点是否为最后一个结点、返回当前结点的下一个结点的值，并使其成为当前结点、将当前结点移出链表，下一个结点成为当前结点等内容。
具体实现代码如下所示：
using System; using System.IO; // 构成链表的结点定义 public class Node { public Object data; public Node next; public Node( Object d ) { data = d; next = null; } } public class List { // 用变量来实现表头 private Node Head = null; private Node Tail = null; private Node Pointer = null; private int Length = 0; //清空整个链表 public void deleteAll( ) { Head = null; Tail = null; Pointer = null; Length = 0; } //链表复位，使第一个结点 成为当前结点 public void reset( ) { Pointer = null; } //判断链表是否为空 public bool isEmpty( ) { return (Length == 0); } //判断当前结点是否 为最后一个结点 public bool isEnd( ) { if (Length == 0) throw new System.Exception( ); else if (Length == 1) return true; else return (cursor( ) == Tail); } //返回当前结点的下一个结点的值， 并使其成为当前结点 public Object nextNode( ) { if (Length == 1) throw new System.Exception( ); else if (Length == 0) throw new System.Exception( ); else { Node temp = cursor(); Pointer = temp; if (temp != Tail) return (temp.next.data); else throw new System.Exception( ); } } //返回当前结点的值 public Object currentNode( ) { Node temp = cursor( ); return temp.data; } //在当前结点前插入一个结点， 并使其成为当前结点 public void insert( Object d ) { Node e = new Node( d ); if (Length == 0) { Tail = e; Head = e; } else { Node temp = cursor( ); e.next = temp; if (Pointer == null) Head = e; else Pointer.next = e; } Length++; } //返回链表的大小 public int size( ) { return Length; } //将当前结点移出链表，下一个结点成为当前结点 //如果移出的结点是最后一个结点，则第一个结点成为当前结点 public Object remove( ) { Object temp; if (Length == 0) throw new System.Exception( ); else if (Length == 1) { temp = Head.data; deleteAll( ); } else { Node cur = cursor( ); temp = cur.data; if (cur == Head) Head = cur.next; else if (cur == Tail) { Pointer.next = null; Tail = Pointer; reset( ); } else Pointer.next = cur.next; Length--; } return temp; } //返回当前结点的指针 private Node cursor( ) { if (Head == null) throw new System.Exception( ); else if (Pointer == null) return Head; else return Pointer.next; } //链表的简单应用举例 public static void Main( ) { List a = new List(); for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i++) a.insert( new IntPtr(i)); Console.WriteLine(a.currentNode( )); while (!a.isEnd( )) Console.WriteLine(a.nextNode( )); a.reset(); while (!a.isEnd( )) { a.remove( ); } a.remove( ); a.reset( ); if (a.isEmpty( )) Console.WriteLine("There is no Node in List!"); Console.WriteLine("You can press return to quit!"); try { // 确保用户看清程序运行结果 Console.Read( ); } catch (IOException e) { } } }
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