C#的编码规范详细说明_C#教程-查字典教程网

C#的编码规范详细说明

摘要：首先我们要明白一下几点，1.代码写出来除了让他跑起来还有个非常非常重要的作用是维护，因为没有一成不变的代码，需求变化代码就不可避免的要变化。...

首先我们要明白一下几点，

1.代码写出来除了让他跑起来还有个非常非常重要的作用是维护，因为没有一成不变的代码，需求变化代码就不可避免的要变化。

2.你不是一个人在写代码，你身后有一个团队，这个团队中任何一个人都有可能会改你的代码，你如果写的不规范，后面的人会跟着写。举一个例子，最初的代码可能是这样的，

复制代码代码如下:

if (OrderInfo.O_OrdersEntity.DirectFlightChannel.Trim().ToUpper() == "CZ-SP")

{

OrderCostAndWeightEntity e = new OrderCostAndWeightEntity();

e.FlightAgency = InsuranceCommon.GetStrategyFlightAgencyNew(OrderInfo.O_OrdersEntity.DirectFlightChannel);

e = ReGetFlight.GetDirectFlightHighWeightEntity(OrderInfo.O_FlightEntity, "", e.FlightAgency);

e.Sendticketcity = int.Parse(ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["SendticketcityOfDirectFlights_HU"].ToString());

regetFlightInitData.HighCostAndWeightEntity = e;

regetFlightInitData.TicketType = "0001";

//如果是海航,则不需要政策倒查验证

regetFlightInitData.ReSearchNoFlight = false;

}

else

{

OrderCostAndWeightEntity e = new OrderCostAndWeightEntity();

e.Sendticketcity = int.Parse(ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["SendticketcityOfDirectFlights_HU"].ToString());

e.FlightAgency = InsuranceCommon.GetStrategyFlightAgencyNew(OrderInfo.O_OrdersEntity.DirectFlightChannel);

e.CostRate1 = 1.0M;

regetFlightInitData.HighCostAndWeightEntity = e;

//如果是海航,则不需要政策倒查验证

regetFlightInitData.ReSearchNoFlight = false;

}

但是过一时间又来个需求，对于“MU-WS”也需要走上面的逻辑，你会怎么写，如果你只是完成任务可能会像下面这样写

复制代码代码如下:

if (OrderInfo.O_OrdersEntity.DirectFlightChannel.Trim().ToUpper() == "CZ-SP" || OrderInfo.O_OrdersEntity.DirectFlightChannel.Trim().ToUpper() == "MU-WS")

{

OrderCostAndWeightEntity e = new OrderCostAndWeightEntity();

e.FlightAgency = InsuranceCommon.GetStrategyFlightAgencyNew(OrderInfo.O_OrdersEntity.DirectFlightChannel);

e = ReGetFlight.GetDirectFlightHighWeightEntity(OrderInfo.O_FlightEntity, "", e.FlightAgency);

e.Sendticketcity = int.Parse(ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["SendticketcityOfDirectFlights_HU"].ToString());

regetFlightInitData.HighCostAndWeightEntity = e;

regetFlightInitData.TicketType = "0001";

//如果是海航,则不需要政策倒查验证

regetFlightInitData.ReSearchNoFlight = false;

}

else

{

OrderCostAndWeightEntity e = new OrderCostAndWeightEntity();

e.Sendticketcity = int.Parse(ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["SendticketcityOfDirectFlights_HU"].ToString());

e.FlightAgency = InsuranceCommon.GetStrategyFlightAgencyNew(OrderInfo.O_OrdersEntity.DirectFlightChannel);

e.CostRate1 = 1.0M;

regetFlightInitData.HighCostAndWeightEntity = e;

//如果是海航,则不需要政策倒查验证

regetFlightInitData.ReSearchNoFlight = false;

}

如果真的这么写你就是始作俑者，后面的人如果都和你一样就都会朝着葫芦画瓢，最后代码可能会是这样的

复制代码代码如下:

if (OrderInfo.O_OrdersEntity.DirectFlightChannel.Trim().ToUpper() == "CZ-SP" || OrderInfo.O_OrdersEntity.DirectFlightChannel.Trim().ToUpper() == "MU-WS" || OrderInfo.O_OrdersEntity.DirectFlightChannel.Trim().ToUpper() == "MU-WS" || OrderInfo.O_OrdersEntity.DirectFlightChannel.Trim().ToUpper() == "MU-SP" || OrderInfo.O_OrdersEntity.DirectFlightChannel.Trim().ToUpper() == "CZ-WS" || OrderInfo.O_OrdersEntity.DirectFlightChannel.Trim().ToUpper() == "XT-WS")

{

OrderCostAndWeightEntity e = new OrderCostAndWeightEntity();

e.FlightAgency = InsuranceCommon.GetStrategyFlightAgencyNew(OrderInfo.O_OrdersEntity.DirectFlightChannel);

e = ReGetFlight.GetDirectFlightHighWeightEntity(OrderInfo.O_FlightEntity, "", e.FlightAgency);

e.Sendticketcity = int.Parse(ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["SendticketcityOfDirectFlights_HU"].ToString());

regetFlightInitData.HighCostAndWeightEntity = e;

regetFlightInitData.TicketType = "0001";

//如果是海航,则不需要政策倒查验证

regetFlightInitData.ReSearchNoFlight = false;

}

else

{

OrderCostAndWeightEntity e = new OrderCostAndWeightEntity();

e.Sendticketcity = int.Parse(ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["SendticketcityOfDirectFlights_HU"].ToString());

e.FlightAgency = InsuranceCommon.GetStrategyFlightAgencyNew(OrderInfo.O_OrdersEntity.DirectFlightChannel);

e.CostRate1 = 1.0M;

regetFlightInitData.HighCostAndWeightEntity = e;

//如果是海航,则不需要政策倒查验证

regetFlightInitData.ReSearchNoFlight = false;

}

看到效果了么，你需要脱一下下面的那个长条才能看到全部代码，这就是你的“因”种下后得到的果实。所以我们需要改进，常见的改进是回车换行，保证所有的代码都在你一眼能够看到的范围之内。改进后代码如下：

复制代码代码如下:

if (OrderInfo.O_OrdersEntity.DirectFlightChannel.Trim().ToUpper() == "CZ-SP" ||

OrderInfo.O_OrdersEntity.DirectFlightChannel.Trim().ToUpper() == "MU-WS" ||

OrderInfo.O_OrdersEntity.DirectFlightChannel.Trim().ToUpper() == "MU-SP" ||

OrderInfo.O_OrdersEntity.DirectFlightChannel.Trim().ToUpper() == "CZ-WS" ||

OrderInfo.O_OrdersEntity.DirectFlightChannel.Trim().ToUpper() == "XT-WS")

{

OrderCostAndWeightEntity e = new OrderCostAndWeightEntity();

e.FlightAgency = InsuranceCommon.GetStrategyFlightAgencyNew(OrderInfo.O_OrdersEntity.DirectFlightChannel);

e = ReGetFlight.GetDirectFlightHighWeightEntity(OrderInfo.O_FlightEntity, "", e.FlightAgency);

e.Sendticketcity = int.Parse(ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["SendticketcityOfDirectFlights_HU"].ToString());

regetFlightInitData.HighCostAndWeightEntity = e;

regetFlightInitData.TicketType = "0001";

//如果是海航,则不需要政策倒查验证

regetFlightInitData.ReSearchNoFlight = false;

}

else

{

OrderCostAndWeightEntity e = new OrderCostAndWeightEntity();

e.Sendticketcity = int.Parse(ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["SendticketcityOfDirectFlights_HU"].ToString());

e.FlightAgency = InsuranceCommon.GetStrategyFlightAgencyNew(OrderInfo.O_OrdersEntity.DirectFlightChannel);

e.CostRate1 = 1.0M;

regetFlightInitData.HighCostAndWeightEntity = e;

//如果是海航,则不需要政策倒查验证

regetFlightInitData.ReSearchNoFlight = false;

是不是清爽一点，好看一点，如果你在第一次修改代码的时候这样写后面的人就会跟着这样写，他们可能会想，前面一个人这样写这样写应该不会有问题，虽然代码看起来有点别扭，这时候我们可以带着鉴赏的眼光看这段代码，如果再想一想还有更好的方法，为何不用switch呢？

复制代码代码如下:

switch (OrderInfo.O_OrdersEntity.DirectFlightChannel.Trim().ToUpper())

{

case "CZ-SP":

case "MU-SP":

case "XT-WS":

{

OrderCostAndWeightEntity e = new OrderCostAndWeightEntity();

e.FlightAgency = InsuranceCommon.GetStrategyFlightAgencyNew(OrderInfo.O_OrdersEntity.DirectFlightChannel);

e = ReGetFlight.GetDirectFlightHighWeightEntity(OrderInfo.O_FlightEntity, "", e.FlightAgency);

e.Sendticketcity = int.Parse(ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["SendticketcityOfDirectFlights_HU"].ToString());

regetFlightInitData.HighCostAndWeightEntity = e;

regetFlightInitData.TicketType = "0001";

//如果是海航,则不需要政策倒查验证

regetFlightInitData.ReSearchNoFlight = false;

break;

}

default:

{

OrderCostAndWeightEntity e = new OrderCostAndWeightEntity();

e.Sendticketcity = int.Parse(ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["SendticketcityOfDirectFlights_HU"].ToString());

e.FlightAgency = InsuranceCommon.GetStrategyFlightAgencyNew(OrderInfo.O_OrdersEntity.DirectFlightChannel);

e.CostRate1 = 1.0M;

regetFlightInitData.HighCostAndWeightEntity = e;

//如果是海航,则不需要政策倒查验证

regetFlightInitData.ReSearchNoFlight = false;

break;

}

是不是更加简单，如果你这样写，后面的人会毫不犹豫地在后面加一个case “”：因为这个是大家再熟悉不过的语法了，丝毫不用怀疑这种写法的正确性，于是我们可以带着欣赏的眼光来看这段代码了。

3.要承认我们的心智就这么多，脑袋就这么大，我们既不能一目十行也不能出口成章，所以不要写一言看不出什么意思的代码。

以上的想法都是建立在维护别人代码的痛苦，失落，沮丧，各种不爽，各种吐槽之上，所以代码规范是需要我们时刻关注的，在这里自己总结一些规范，告诫自己不要做始作俑者。

1.一个文件中只放一个类，类名同文件名，不要在一个文件中写好几个类，这样看的清楚。

2.不要在一个文件中写多于1000行的代码，除了那些比较大的实体类。其实我还想说超过500行看起来就有点累，但是在我们的系统中超过10000行的代码比比皆是。

3.一个方法的代码不要超过100行，其实我想说超过50行的方法看起来就有点累。但是在我们的系统中超过200行代码的方法比比皆是。

4.存储过程的代码也不要超过100行,不要在存储过程中写过多的业务逻辑，那是找死，但是在我们的系统中我还真他妈的见过10000多行的存储过程，好宏伟啊！

5.避免写超过5个参数的方法，如果有请使用一个类或者结构来传。

6.一个方法只有一个return result; ，不要多次return结果，最好给返回结果赋值，最后return result;

7.不要给很简单的代码加注释，会有噪音的，会让人误解的，因为你写的大多数情况下很片面。

8.记录日志的时候不要到处都记，有条件的情况下针对客户一次操作（比如下单）只记录一条日志。

另外再这里列举自己对代码做的一些改进，不足之处欢迎大家指出。

1.参数过长使用缩进

复制代码代码如下:

//获得保险策略信息

insuranceStrategy = InsuranceCommon.GetStrategyInsurance(appFltEntity.ProductSource.ToString(), strategyFlightAgency.ToString(), "", appFltEntity.Price.ToString(), appFltEntity.DirectFlightChannel, appFltEntity.Airline.DibitCode, appFltEntity.Flight, appFltEntity.DepartAirport.Code, appFltEntity.ArriveAirport.Code, appFltEntity.SubClass, appFltEntity.DepartTime, appFltEntity.DepartTime.Date, null);

//获得保险策略信息

insuranceStrategy = InsuranceCommon.GetStrategyInsurance(appFltEntity.ProductSource.ToString(),

strategyFlightAgency.ToString(),

"",

appFltEntity.Price.ToString(),

appFltEntity.DirectFlightChannel,

appFltEntity.Airline.DibitCode,

appFltEntity.Flight,

appFltEntity.DepartAirport.Code,

appFltEntity.ArriveAirport.Code,

appFltEntity.SubClass,

appFltEntity.DepartTime,

appFltEntity.DepartTime.Date,

null);

2.if条件过长中使用缩进

复制代码代码如下:

if (IsDirectFlight && (this.CorpPayType == ExpenseType.OWN || this.AccountInfo.DirectOrdersQuoteMode == "I"))

{

strategyFlightAgency = InsuranceCommon.GetStrategyFlightAgencyNew(appFltEntity.DirectFlightChannel);

//根据票台获得票台对应的城市

strategyCityID = InsuranceCommon.GetFlightAgencyCity(strategyFlightAgency);

}

if (IsDirectFlight &&

(this.CorpPayType == ExpenseType.OWN ||

this.AccountInfo.DirectOrdersQuoteMode == "I"))

{

strategyFlightAgency = InsuranceCommon.GetStrategyFlightAgencyNew(appFltEntity.DirectFlightChannel);

//根据票台获得票台对应的城市

strategyCityID = InsuranceCommon.GetFlightAgencyCity(strategyFlightAgency);

}

3.使用三元表达式

复制代码代码如下:

if (InsuranceInfoList != null && InsuranceInfoList.Count > 0 && InsuranceInfoList[0].GeneralDescription.Contains("e路泰康"))

collections.Set("IsElderCanBuyInsurance", "T");

else

collections.Set("IsElderCanBuyInsurance", "F");

collections.Set("IsElderCanBuyInsurance", InsuranceInfoList != null && InsuranceInfoList.Count > 0 && InsuranceInfoList[0].GeneralDescription.Contains("e路泰康") ? "T" : "F");

4.使用蓝不大表达式

复制代码代码如下:

InsuranceInfoList = InsuranceInfoList.FindAll(delegate(BookingInsuranceInfo iInfo)

{

return iInfo.TypeID == "C2C30";

});

InsuranceInfoList = InsuranceInfoList.FindAll(a => a.TypeID == "C2C30");

5.使用switch表达式，见上面。

6.使用数组包含

复制代码代码如下:

if (wsFlt.ProductSource == 4 && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(wsFlt.DirectFlightChannel) && (wsFlt.DirectFlightChannel.ToUpper() == "HO-WS" or wsFlt.DirectFlightChannel.ToUpper() == "ZH-WS" or wsFlt.DirectFlightChannel.ToUpper() == "XT-WS")

&& directFlightCorporationList != null && directFlightCorporationList.Count > 0 && !directFlightCorporationList.Contains(corporationid))

{

return false;

}

if (wsFlt.ProductSource == 4 &&

new List<string>() { "HO-WS", "CZ-WS", "XT-WS" }.Contains(wsFlt.DirectFlightChannel.Trim().ToUpper()) &&

directFlightCorporationList != null &&

directFlightCorporationList.Count > 0 &&

!directFlightCorporationList.Contains(corporationid))

{

return false;

}