Spring配置文件中关于事务配置总是由三个组成部分，分别是 DataSource 、TransactionManager 和 代理机制 这三部分，无论哪种配置方式，一般变化的只是代理机制这部分。
DataSource、TransactionManager这两部分只是会根据数据访问方式有所变化，比如使用Hibernate进行数据访问时，DataSource实际为SessionFactory，TransactionManager的实现为HibernateTransactionManager。
具体如下图：
根据代理机制的不同，总结了五种Spring事务的配置方式，配置文件如下：
第一种方式：每个Bean都有一个代理
<"1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd"> <bean id="sessionFactory" > <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" /> <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" /> </bean> <> <bean id="transactionManager" > <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" /> </bean> <> <bean id="userDaoTarget"> <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" /> </bean> <bean id="userDao" > <> <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" /> <property name="target" ref="userDaoTarget" /> <property name="proxyInterfaces" value="com.bluesky.spring.dao.GeneratorDao" /> <> <property name="transactionAttributes"> <props> <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop> </props> </property> </bean> </beans>
第二种方式：所有Bean共享一个代理基类
<"1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd"> <bean id="sessionFactory" > <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" /> <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" /> </bean> <> <bean id="transactionManager" > <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" /> </bean> <bean id="transactionBase" lazy-init="true" abstract="true"> <> <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" /> <> <property name="transactionAttributes"> <props> <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop> </props> </property> </bean> <> <bean id="userDaoTarget"> <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" /> </bean> <bean id="userDao" parent="transactionBase" > <property name="target" ref="userDaoTarget" /> </bean> </beans>
第三种方式：使用拦截器
<"1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd"> <bean id="sessionFactory" > <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" /> <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" /> </bean> <> <bean id="transactionManager" > <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" /> </bean> <bean id="transactionInterceptor" > <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" /> <> <property name="transactionAttributes"> <props> <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop> </props> </property> </bean> <bean> <property name="beanNames"> <list> <value>*Dao</value> </list> </property> <property name="interceptorNames"> <list> <value>transactionInterceptor</value> </list> </property> </bean> <> <bean id="userDao"> <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" /> </bean> </beans>
第四种方式：使用tx标签配置的拦截器
<"1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd"> <context:annotation-config /> <context:component-scan base-package="com.bluesky" /> <bean id="sessionFactory" > <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" /> <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" /> </bean> <> <bean id="transactionManager" > <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" /> </bean> <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager"> <tx:attributes> <tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED" /> </tx:attributes> </tx:advice> <aop:config> <aop:pointcut id="interceptorPointCuts" expression="execution(* com.bluesky.spring.dao.*.*(..))" /> <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="interceptorPointCuts" /> </aop:config> </beans>
第五种方式：全注解
<"1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd"> <context:annotation-config /> <context:component-scan base-package="com.bluesky" /> <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/> <bean id="sessionFactory" > <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" /> <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" /> </bean> <> <bean id="transactionManager" > <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" /> </bean> </beans>
此时在DAO上需加上@Transactional注解，如下：
package com.mktao.spring.dao; import java.util.List; import org.hibernate.SessionFactory; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; import com.bluesky.spring.domain.User; @Transactional @Component("userDao") public class UserDaoImpl extends HibernateDaoSupport implements UserDao { public List<User> listUsers() { return this.getSession().createQuery("from User").list(); } ... }
以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持查字典教程网。
【详解Spring配置事务的五种方式】相关文章：